Research

There are numerous reports on potential applications for PRP and BMC in the basic science and clinical research literature, and that body of evidence continues to grow. Unfortunately, a significant majority of both clinical utilization and research of PRP and BMC used products which had very little quality control and very few cell counts.

At Karli Center, we believe that not knowing exactly what is being put into a patient during a cell therapy is unacceptable. Only through careful measurement, data collection and study of dose response relationships can we learn to further optimize and customize our product for both the patient being treated and the problem we are targeting.

Greyledge has created a novel web-based data collection and management system that allows clinical partners like the Karli Center to capture this critical data before, during and after treatment. Data from our products and patient reported results of treatment can then be analyzed through application of AI (artificial intelligence) and ML (machine learning) algorithms that will speed up and enhance our ability to learn from every product made and every patient treated to advance the field of cellular therapies and apply what we learn to continually make our products and the delivery of them better in time.

Below is a list of possible illnesses and injuries where autologous preparations have been reported for treating a wide variety of pathologies with links to references provided.

Osteoarthritic Joint Pain

JOINT INJECTION
Kon E, et al. (2010) Platelet-rich plasma: intra-articular knee injections produced favorable results on degenerative cartilage lesions.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19838676
Khoshbin  A, et al. (2013)  The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review with quantitative synthesis.  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24286802
Sánchez M, et al. (2012) Ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injections for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip.
http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/content/51/1/144.long
Centeno C, et al. (2016)  A dose response analysis of a specific bone marrow concentrate treatment protocol for knee osteoarthritis.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4575428

IN CONJUNCTION WITH SURGICAL TREATMENT
Fortier LA, et al. (2010) Concentrated bone marrow aspirate improves full-thickness cartilage repair compared with microfracture in an equine model.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20720135
Milano G, et al. (2010) The effect of platelet rich plasma combined with microfractures on the treatment of chondral defects: an experimental study in a sheep model. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20433936
Buda R, et al. (2015) One-step bone marrow-derived cell transplantation in talar osteochondral lesions: mid-term results.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25606518

Meniscus or Ligament Injuries
Foster TE, et al. (2009) Platelet-rich plasma: from basic science to clinical application.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19875361
Murray MM, et al. (2009) Enhanced histologic repair in a central wound in the anterior cruciate ligament with a collagen–platelet-rich plasma scaffold.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17415785
Braun HJ, et al. (2013) The Use of PRP in ligament and meniscal healing.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24212368
Yu H, et al. (2015) Meniscus repair using mesenchymal stem cells – a comprehensive review.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25925426
Cook JL, et al. (2016) Multiple injections of leukoreduced platelet rich plasma reduce pain and functional impairment in a canine model of ACL and meniscal deficiency. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26403590

Muscle and Tendon Injuries

LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS
Peerbooms JC, (2010) Positive effect of an autologous platelet concentrate in lateral epicondylitis in a double-blind randomized controlled trial: platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection with a 1-Year follow-up. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20448192
Gosens T, et al. (2011) Ongoing positive effect of platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid injection in lateral epicondylitis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow-up. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21422467
Mishra A, et al. (2014) Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for chronic tennis elbow: a double-blind, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial of 230 patients. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23825183
PATELLAR TENDONITIS
Cervellin M, et al. (2012) Autologous platelet-rich plasma gel to reduce donor-site morbidity after patellar tendon graft harvesting for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized, controlled clinical study.
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21678095
Di Matteo B, et al. (2015) Platelet-rich plasma: evidence for the treatment of patellar and Achilles tendinopathy—a systematic review.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25323041
Pascual-Garrido C, et al. (2012) Treatment of chronic patellar tendinopathy with autologous bone marrow stem cells: a 5-year followup.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22220180

ROTATOR CUFF TEARS
Randelli P, et al. (2011) Platelet rich plasma in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a prospective RCT study, 2-year follow-up. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21570659
Hernigou P, et al. (2014) Biologic augmentation of rotator cuff repair with mesenchymal stem cells during arthroscopy improves healing and prevents further tears: a case-controlled study. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24913770

ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY
Sanchez M, et al. (2007) Comparison of surgically repaired Achilles tendon tears using platelet rich fibrin matrices.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17099241
Stein BE, et al. (2015) Outcomes of acute Achilles tendon rupture repair with bone marrow aspirate concentrate augmentation. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25795246

Fractures
Galasso O, et al. (2008) Expandable intramedullary nailing and platelet rich plasma to treat long bone non-unions. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19384608

Bursitis
Sampson S, et al. (2008) Platelet rich plasma injection grafts for musculoskeletal injuries: a review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468902

Spine
Pettine K, et al. (2016) Treatment of discogenic back pain with autologous bone marrow concentrate injection with minimum two year follow-up.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26156727
Monfett M, et al. (2016) Intradiscal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for discogenic low back pain: an update.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27073034

Cosmetic Surgery
Man D, et al. (2001) The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (platelet gel) and autologous platelet-poor plasma (fibrin glue) in cosmetic surgery.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11176628
Cervelli V, et al. (2009) Application of platelet-rich plasma in plastic surgery: clinical and in-vitro evaluation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19231923
Redaelli A, et al. (2010) Face and neck revitalization with platelet-rich plasma (PRP): clinical outcome in a series of 23 consecutively treated patients.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20480789
Sclafani AP, and SA McCormick. (2012)  Induction of dermal collagenesis, angiogenesis, and adipogenesis in human skin by injection of platelet-rich fibrin matrix.
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22006233

Dermatology
Lee JW, et al. (2011) The Efficacy of autologous platelet rich plasma combined with ablative carbon dioxide fractional resurfacing for acne scars: A Simultaneous Split-Face Trial. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21635618
Cho JM, et al. (2011) Effect of platelet-rich plasma on ultraviolet b-induced skin wrinkles in nude mice.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20884308
Shin MK, et al. (2012) Platelet-rich plasma combined with fractional laser therapy for skin rejuvenation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22288389

Peripheral Vascular Disease
Tateishi-Yuyama  E, et al. (2002) Therapeutic angiogenesis for patients with limb ischemia by autologous transplantation of bone-marrow cells: a pilot study and a randomized controlled trial. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12241713
Bartsch T, et al. (2007) Transplantation of autologous mononuclear bone marrow stem cells in patients with peripheral arterial disease (the TAM-PAD study).
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17694378
Amann B, et al. (2009) Autologous bone marrow cell transplantation increases leg perfusion and reduces amputations in patients with advanced critical limb ischemia due to peripheral artery disease.
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19500466
Fadnini GP, et al. (2010) Autologous stem cell therapy for peripheral arterial disease: Meta-analysis and systemic review of the literature.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19740466
Molavi B, et al. (2016) Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Therapy in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia in a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27293053

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Marx RE. Platelet-rich plasma: evidence to support its use.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15085519
Sammartino G, et al. (2005) Use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in periodontal defect treatment after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15944972
Bajaj P, et al. (2013) Comparative evaluation of autologous platelet-rich fibrin and platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of mandibular degree II furcation defects: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23317096

Wound Care
Hom DB, et al. (2007) The healing effects of autologous platelet gel on acute human skins wounds. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17519207
Driver VR, et al. (2006) A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of autologous platelet-rich plasma gel for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16799184
Kazakos K, et al. (2009) The use of autologous PRP gel as an aid in the management of trauma wounds.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18703188
Carter MJ, et al. (2011) Use of platelet-rich plasma gel on wound healing: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22028946
Saad Setta, H, et al. (2011) Platelet-rich plasma versus platelet-poor plasma in the management of chronic diabetic foot ulcers: a comparative study.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21470370
Dabiri G, et al. (2013) The emerging use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of human chronic wounds.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24004161

Additional References
Murphy M, et al. (2013) Mesenchymal stem cells: environmentally responsive therapeutics for regenerative medicine.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24232253
Cassano JM, et al. (2016) Bone marrow concentrate and platelet-rich plasma differ in cell distribution and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein concentration.
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26831858
Wang SW, et al. (2014) Identification of α2-Macroglobulin as a Master Inhibitor of Cartilage-Degrading Factors That Attenuates the Progression of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis.
 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24578232
Cicha I, et al. (2004) Activated human platelets release connective tissue growth factor.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15045137
De Mos M, et al. (2008) Can platelet-rich plasma enhance tendon repair?
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18326832
Evans, C. (1999) Cytokines and the role they play in the healing of ligaments and tendons.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10492026
Kumar V, and JR Chapman. (2008) Autologous thrombin: intraoperative production from whole blood.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18705544
Marx RE, et al. (1998) Platelet-rich plasma: growth factor enhancement for bone grafts.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9638695
Weibrich G, et al. (2004) Effect of platelet concentration in platelet-rich plasma on the peri-implant bone regeneration.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15050897
Zechner W, et al. (2003) Influence of platelet-rich plasma on osseus healing of dental implants: a histologic and histomorphometric study in minipigs.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12608664
Woodell-May J, et al. (2011) Autologous protein solution inhibits MMP-13 production by IL-1β and TNFα-stimulated human articular chondrocytes.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21437966
van Buul GM, et al. (2011) Platelet-rich plasma releasate inhibits inflammatory processes in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21856929